Phenological Observation Programs
E 中
Plant phenology is the periodic change of plant life history, including germination, leaf spreading, flowering, fruiting, leaf discoloration, and defoliation, etc. Phenology is the most sensitive factor of ecosystem response to climate warming. Phenology can influence ecosystem function and determine species distribution patterns. In recent years, phenological research has become a global hot spot. However, most of the available studies have focused on a small number of key tree species in limited ranges. It is urgent to observe the phenology of more woody plants on a larger scale to explore how plants respond to climate change.
To this end, we invited the members of the Chinese University iPlant Association (CUiPA) to carry out plant phenology monitoring, represented by Ginkgo biloba, to explore the following scientific questions: Is there a difference between male and female ginkgo trees in spring and autumn phenology? What is its spatial pattern? How does phenology affect the distribution boundary of a species? What is the corresponding molecular basis?
银杏物候观测活动
E 中
植物物候是植物生活史事件的周期性变化，包括发芽、展叶、开花、结实、叶变色、落叶等。物候是生态系统响应气候变暖的最敏感因子。物候可以影响生态系统功能，可以决定物种分布格局。近年来，物候学研究成为全球一个热点。然而，大多数已有研究都聚焦于少数研究地点的少数关键树种。目前迫切需要在更大尺度上对更多木本植物的物候进行观测，探究植物如何应对气候变化。
为此，我们邀请“中国大学植物网联盟”（萃葩）的成员单位一起开展以银杏为代表的植物物候监测，探讨以下科学问题：银杏春秋季物候是否存在雌雄差异？其空间格局如何？物候特征如何影响物种的分布边界？相应的分子基础是怎样的？
相关资料：
Observation of Heat Damage to Ginkgo
E 中
In 2022, the overall climate condition in China was worse than normal,presenting a warm-dry climate with heavy flooding and drought disasters. There was apparent stepwise feature in regional drought, and southern China was heavily affected by long drought in summer and autumn. In 2022, the temperature in spring, summer and autumn brock the historial record. The annual mean precipitation of 606.1 mm was 5% below normal, with more precipitation in winter and spring, less in summer and autumn. The average precipitation in summer was the second lowest in the history of the same period since 1961.
The continuous high temperature and drought process caused varying degrees of damage to many plants. Based on the Chinese University iPlant Association, we launched a national campus gingko high temperature damage observation project in September, aiming to compare the impact of extreme high temperature and drought weather on gingko in different regions, and explore whether there are sexual differences in the response and tolerance to high temperature and drought stress.
According to the appearance of ginkgo trees, we divided the damage into several levels:
| Damage Level | 0 | 1 | 2 |
|---|
| Description | | - Leaves turn yellow slightly
- A few leaf edges withered
| - Leaves turn yellow heavily
- some leaves withered
|
|---|
| Example |  |  |  |
|---|
| Damage Level | 3 | 4 | 5 |
|---|
| Description | - Most to all of the leaves withered
| | - Almost all of the leaves fall off
- Death
|
|---|
| Example |  |  |  |
|---|
银杏高温损伤观测活动
E 中
2022年，我国气候状况总体偏差，暖干气候特征明显，旱涝灾害突出。区域性和阶段性干旱明显，南方夏秋连旱影响重。2022年，我国春夏秋三季节气温均为历史同期最高；全国平均高温日数、极端高温事件均为历史最多。夏季，我国中东部出现1961年有气象记录以来最强高温过程。全国平均降水量较常年偏少，7月较常年同期偏少20.6%，8月较常年同期偏少23.1%。
持续的高温干旱过程对许多植物造成了不同程度的损伤。依托“中国大学植物网联盟”，我们在9月发起了全国校园银杏高温损伤情况观测活动，旨在比较不同地区校园银杏的生长状况受到极端高温干旱天气的影响，并探讨不同性别银杏对高温干旱胁迫的响应和耐受能力是否存在差异。
根据银杏的外观特征，我们将银杏受损伤情况分为几个级别：